Aesthetic of Character Little Woman by Louisa May...

The focus of this seminar paper will be on a theoretical approach called aesthetic of character, with examples from a novel Little Women by Louisa May Alcott. Various terms, coined up by theoreticians of this approach, will be explained through some of the examples taken out of the above mentioned novel. To begin with, this approach is concerned with what is the function of the characters in the narrative and how the characters are characterised. According to it, characters are agents performing actions in a story. They can be persons, anthropomorphised animals or objects. There are two main theoretical approaches within this one, and those are mimetic and semiotic approaches. While the mimetic approach considers characters as real†¦show more content†¦In contrast to this, we have another term called gender permutation, or when female performs actions in accordance with the prewritten male gender script, or shortly, female set in a male role. There is a milder version of thi s, described only as a deviation from prescribed gender norms while character retains its feminine identity. In the book, this can be seen through the character of Jo March. She is a fifteen-year old girl, who resents these gender roles. She feels uncomfortable in her own body, because it presents everything which prevents her from behaving in a way she wants. It is also called abjection, one form of the growing-up-grotesque archetype, which implies a girl’s feeling of aversion towards her own body as it matures. If she was a boy, nobody would care if she likes â€Å"boys games and work and mannersâ€Å"(Alcott: p. 9). On the contrary, it would be desirable. What is more, behaving in such way might be tolerable in very young age, but as one advances, such â€Å"romping ways† should stop. The result of this is a tomboy figure, whose behaviour interrogates the societal norms which force women into secondary and submissive role. As we could see from this short overview of the main theoretical premises of this approach, gender roles and stereotypes very much influenced the process of characterising agents in a story. Whether they are made as an exemplary models or interrogative models, they are portrayed according to theShow MoreRelatedThe Conflict between Personal Development and Social Expectations in Anne of Green Gables.2576 Words   |  11 Pagesmore apparent in culture and society. As a result, British story papers as Girl’s Own Paper started to circulate. This magazine for girls was founded in 1880 and canvassed the struggle between traditional domestic ideologies and the idea of the â€Å"new woman† (Paul 119). Claudia Nelson argues that by reading those magazines girls were expected to adopt virtues such as â€Å"purity, obedience, dependence, self-sacrifice and service† (141). However, they also encouraged girls to have â€Å"intelligence, self-respect

Cause And Effect Of The Pregnancy Rate During The First...

According to The March of Dimes (2016) miscarriage, particularly in the first trimester, has an overall estimated incidence of 10 to 15%. However, the number could be as high as 50% when taking into account pregnancies which had not yet been discovered (March of Dimes, 2016). Concern regarding miscarriage is universal yet in women taking an antidepressant this concern increases as researchers have theorized that its use may increase the potential for spontaneous abortion. Two large scale studies by Andersen et al., (2014) and Kjaersgaard et al., (2013) documented increased miscarriage rates although a direct correlation between SSRI use and spontaneous abortion was not identified. These two prospective studies combined evaluated†¦show more content†¦So while increased miscarriage rates have been documented in the research, the authors’ conclusions directed implication away from SSRI use and focused rather on other possible causative factors. PREGNANCY, SSRI USE AND NEONATAL OUTCOMES 8 SSRIs do not seem to be implicated in spontaneous abortion and their role in stillbirth and postneonatal mortality follows similar lines. The increase in both stillbirth and postneonatal mortality found in the studies by Andersen et al., (2014), Jimenez-Solem et al., ( 2013) Stephansson et al., (2013) are likely attributed to severity of disease and comorbidity factors such as increased tobacco and alcohol use, elevated BMI, and or higher maternal age. None of these studies concluded that SSRI use was a causative factor, but rather focused on depression and the common health risks which often accompany the diagnosis. Overall, review of the current literature finds no direct causal relationship between SSRI use and miscarriage, stillbirth or postneonatal mortality (Andersen et al., Jimenez-Solem et al., 2013, Kjaersgaard et al., 2013 Stephansson et al., 2013). This does not eliminate an indirect causal relationship from malformations such as persistent pulmonary hypertension, anencephaly, craniosynostosis, or omphalocele. Studies on Major Birth Defects and SSRI

The Devastating Effects Of Hurricane Katrina - 1548 Words

Abstract: Disasters by their nature kill and injure people, drastically alter people’s life by physical destruction and creating mental trauma. One cannot avoid a disaster from occurring but can definitely take measures to overcome it. Government agencies like FEMA can provide information early warnings to the people in disaster prone areas prior to its occurrence. This research paper discusses about the devastating effects of Hurricane Katrina, reasons for failure to communicate information during Hurricane Katrina, the category of people who were more vulnerable to this disaster, and how could they be overcome for future disasters. Introduction: Disaster is any sudden calamity causing great loss of life or property. Have you ever†¦show more content†¦Before any disaster hits, individuals belonging to community need to have information about potential dangers and how and where they can seek safe shelter, emergency contact numbers of local and federal agencies, communication-related to isolation and quarantine procedures is required. Vulnerable populations are often â€Å"not able to access and use the standard resources offered in disaster preparedness, response, and recovery.† (Weist , 2007). They are the main concern to the rescue team. People who are physically and mentally disabled and older people have specific limitations and extra requirements to know about the emergency preparedness communications. Problem statement: The focus of this research is to analyze past disaster reports on Hurricane Katrina and identify gaps in the emergency evacuation procedures due to failure of communications system, what categories of people were more vulnerable to disasters and why . The purpose of this project will be to research and identify how to improvise the existing Risk Communications System during a disaster. It includes preparing an organized model for disaster response, as well as how things work during a disaster. LITERATURE REVIEW Risk Communication in the past disasters: Communication plays a crucial role in rescuing the victims affected by the hurricane and its aftermath. Paul McHale, the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Homeland Defense,

Challenge of the Digital Economy Research - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Questions: 1. What managerial insights about profitability per household can you extract from Exhibit 3? 2. Using ABC analysis, and the information in Exhibits 2 and 4, calculate the loss per household for the six customer profiles per Exhibit 4. Round your calculations to the nearest dollar. b) What are two specific management actions for each of the six customer profiles that would substantially improve the profitability? Calculate the impact of these actions to the nearest dollar. 3. Noting that excess capacity is charged back to active accounts, if AIMS scaled back to 3,000,000 active households and planned only a 10% excess capacity reserve for future growth, a large proportion of cost could be eliminated. Estimate how much of total cost for 1999 could be eliminated, based on facts presented in the case. 4. What are your overall recommendations to top management based on customer profitability information? Answers: Profitability per household The company has moved from the objective of overall profitability to the segmentation of the same as to see whether the individual segments of the business are profitable of not. The company further divided the complex structure into differenet segments and deciles such as High Net Worth (HNW) customers, Active Traders (AT), Retirees, and Core customers based on the assets under management, trading volume and age group. The core segment comprised of the maximum number of customers with more than 70% of the households. All this activity aimed at defining the management actions as per the specific needs of the different customer groups. In the given exhibit 3, the wide range of profitability has been shown through 80-20 rule. The president Kim Davis wanted to know the root cause of the problems and losses and the same is being reflected by the table. It shows that what is the quantum of profitability being earned by top 10% of the households in the various business segments like HNW ($ 2Mn and above and 0.5 to 2 Mn), AT (200 trades, 60-200 trades and 36-60 trades), retirees (100-500 K ABC Analysis and specific management actions Below mentioned is the calculation of the loss for the 6 customer profiles mentioned in Exhibit 4 as per the activity based costing done in Exhibit 2 and the relevant cost drivers being used. From the above table, we can see that each of the 6 customer profiles is in loss when assessed individually whereas on the overall basis as well, the profitability is on the lower side. The reason of loss is primarily the huge cost being incurred in the Core segment which is not easy to recover via the revenue(Trieu, 2017). The revenue is not enough to cover all the costs and thus each of the segments is in the loss. Two specific management actions for each of the customer profiles that would substantially improve the profitability of the company are as follows: Since the cost per unit of rep assisted calls is high @ $11 and then the number of such calls is high under each of the segments, the same can be lowered to reduce the overall cost and increase the profits. The cost of the same can also be minimised per unit of activity driver by outsourcing the same. The 2nd action that can be taken is to charge from the customers a fixed revenue of $ 1000 as Mutual Fund Fees and Brokerage Fees each from HNW and AT households and $ 500 as Mutual Fund Fees and Brokerage Fees each from rest of the categories(Farmer, 2018). The revised calculation of the profit in such a scenario would look as below: In the revised scenario, the company is making profits in almost all the segments and cases. This is due to the fixed revenue being charged from the customers and the Rep assisted calls being charged at the unit rate of $ 5(Visinescu, Jones, Sidorova, 2017). Effect of eliminating excess capacity on cost In the given case, the excess capacity is always prevailing in the company which is due to the growth forecast being made based ob the performance of the last year(Dichev, 2017). Taking the same into account and in case, AIMS scaled back to 3000000 active households and just planned to have an excess capacity reserve of 10% (which comes out to 300000) totalling to 3300000 households, then the larger proportion of the cost can be saved(Choy, 2018). The average cost per household has been taken from the past working which comes to $ 249 per household. Now as per the estimate for 2000, the total households ois estimated to be 3880000 as pwer the original estimate. In case the same is trued down to 3300000, there would be cost savings on account of 580000 households amounting to $ 144.42 Mn shown below. Recommendations of customer profitability In case of American Investment Management Services, there are several recommendations that can be given to the company based on the customer profitability information for its future course of action: In order to be profitable and competitive with respect to the competitors in the market, the company should increase the either increase the revenue by raising the prices or charging a fixed margin on the brokerage as well as mutual fund fees or reducing the costs of delivering few or all of its services. Furthermore, the company can also opt for outsourcing few of the services being offered by it directly or substituting the same with less expensive services(Alexander, 2016). Also, the company should choose the customers or households to deal with after due research is being carried out as dealing with the low end households often results in losses and non recovery of the revenue (resulting in bad debts). It should rather make a benchmark above which the net worth should be measured to find the households to deal with. Additional costs which is being incurred in the form of the excess capacity can be reduced by proper planning and growth forecasting(Bromwich Scapens, 2016). When entering into new accounts, the company should have the criteria of maintaining the minimum balance in terms of the assets invested. This should be based on the age criteria such that the minimum investment amount should be more for the old aged people. Charging for the services offered in case a particular level is reached like $1.25 per transaction in case of more than 10 visits(Boccia Leonardi, 2016). References Alexander, F. (2016). The Changing Face of Accountability. The Journal of Higher Education, 71(4), 411-431. Boccia, F., Leonardi, R. (2016). The Challenge of the Digital Economy: Markets, Taxation and Appropriate Economic Models. Springer. Bromwich, M., Scapens, R. (2016). Management Accounting Research: 25 years on. Management Accounting Research, 31, 1-9. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mar.2016.03.002 Choy, Y. K. (2018). Cost-benefit Analysis, Values, Wellbeing and Ethics: An Indigenous Worldview Analysis. Ecological Economics, 145. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2017.08.005 Dichev, I. (2017). On the conceptual foundations of financial reporting. Accounting and Business Research, 47(6), 617-632. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1080/00014788.2017.1299620 Farmer, Y. (2018). Ethical Decision Making and Reputation Management in Public Relations. Journal of Media Ethics, 1-12. Goldmann, K. (2016). Financial Liquidity and Profitability Management in Practice of Polish Business. Financial Environment and Business Development, 4, 103-112. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39919-5_9 Linden, B., Freeman, R. (2017). Profit and Other Values: Thick Evaluation in Decision Making. Business Ethics Quarterly, 27(3), 353-379. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1017/beq.2017.1 Trieu, V. (2017). Getting value from Business Intelligence systems: A review and research agenda. Decision Support Systems, 93, 111-124. Visinescu, L., Jones, M., Sidorova, A. (2017). Improving Decision Quality: The Role of Business Intelligence. Journal of Computer Information Systems, 57(1), 58-66.

Tet holiday free essay sample

As you know, Tet Holiday is the biggest annual celebration of Vietnam in the first days of lunar New Year. During these days, people welcome a new coming year with good health, lucks and success. Tet holiday is very special for Vietnamese families to reunite and celebrate together. The preparation for Tet holiday is taken place very soon because it requires many steps. Home are often cleaned and decorated before New Years Eve. Children are in charge of sweeping and scrubbing the floor. The aldults clean the dust and decorate the ancestral altars with a five-fruit tray, vegetables, sweets, and flowers.. It is a common belief that cleaning the house will get rid of the old year’s bad fortunes. Some people would paint their house and decorate with festive items. Then, they buy food, drink such as cookies, sweets, candied fruit, melon seeds to offer their guests and to store because in this occasion, many shops are closed. We will write a custom essay sample on Tet holiday or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page A branch of peach flower or a kumquat tree cannot be absent from every home during these special days The most tradditional food of Tet is Chung cake or sticky rice cake. Banh Chung is made of sticky rice, pork meat and green bean, every ingredient is wrapper inside a special leaf which calls Dong. Making the Banh Chung requires care and precision in every step. The rice and green bean has to be soaked in water for a day to make it stickier. The pork meat is usually soaked with pepper for several hours. Squaring off and tying the cakes with bamboo strings require skillful hands to make it a perfect square. Banh Chung is a must among other foods to be placed on the ancestors’ altars during Tet holiday. In the old time, one or two days before Tet, every family prepares and cooks the Banh Chung around the warm fire. It is also the time for parents to tell their children folklore stories. Nowadays, families which live in villages still maitain making Banh Chung before New Years but the people in the city does not. They dont have time and prefer to go to the shop to buy it. In the last day of the previous year, people become more excited as they feel that the New Year is very near to them. Everybody all waits for the sacred moment when the clock points 0 am and fireworks light up everywhere to wish for health, lucks and happiness in the next year. Streets are extremely crowded. On contrary, in the first morning of the year, everything seems peaceful and quiet as people want to sleep longer to enjoy the moment with their cozy family. However, there are some families getting up early to come back to their hometown to visit their ancestors graves and relatives. From noon on, everybody go to their neighbors houses to wish them a happy new year. Children in new clothes are very excited, as they will get lucky money in red developes from adults. This is a cultural practice that has been maintained for generations. The red envelopes symbolize luck and wealth. The adults give them to the children with the hope for children to â€Å"eat more, grow rapidly carries Vietnamese’ hope for children to â€Å"eat more, grow rapidly†, to study well and to have a delighted new year. There are many activities to welcome new coming spring in this occasion. Children usually take up pens to write their first essay, hoping for good results in school. In spring festivals, everyone especially the young takes part in the traditional games such as rollercoaster, tug of war, cooking rice, cock fighting etc. to express their happiness while farmers wish for bumper crops. Women often go to pagodas to show Buddha their hearts and wish their families good things and power to avoid bad lucks. During the first days of New Year, Vietnamese people do things that are supposed to be good for themselves and their loved ones such as wearing red clothes, buying salt, taking chance or praying and avoid saying taboos(related to death, breaking ). Each region in Vietnam has it own customs to celebrate Tet, which are very special and unique. Tet is the word that is very familiar to Vietnamese people whenever we think about our country. This is the time for family reunion, for festivals, and for people to give love to their loved one. As for me, I enjoy the warm and cozy Tets atmosphere when all members of my family stay and talk together.

Token Economy Essay Example

Token Economy Essay Example Token Economy Paper Token Economy Paper The mode of action of Token Economy aims to increase the frequency of a patients desirable behaviours and decrease that of the undesirably behaviours. Tokens are used to dignify reinforcement and are used as part of a reinforcement schedule. Punishment is implemented by the withdrawal of tokens. There are six main steps: 1. the target behaviour is identified (reinforcement or punishment)  2. the nature of the token is identified  3. depending on how many tokens individual receive over the day, they will get a certain number of desired items.  4. the exchange rate is determined (20 tokens for 1 chocolate bar)  5. the location and time of day in which the tokens are exchanged is determined. Allyon and Azrin (1968), pioneered the Token Economy system, found that tokens were most effective when associated with behaviours already in a patients repertoires.  OLeary et al (1969) had no success witgh a behaviour modification programme byt found that a Token Economy system reduced disruptive behaviour in 5 out of 7 children studied.  Token Economies are important because, even though the introduction of chemotherapy in the 1950s meant that mental patients could live in community settings, this transition to community living required more than symptom reduction; living skills also had to be improved. (Lecomte et al, 2000). Most studies do not indicate whether desirable behaviours continue when tokens stop or whether the learning that takes place is an institutional setting generalizes to other settings. Furthermore, there is the issue of cure. Behaviour may change, which helps an individual to conduct a more normal life, but the mental illness remains (Comer, 2002). The method is expensive and time consuming: maintaining it required intensive training and concentrated effort, whereas simpler behaviour modification techniques may be just as effective and easier. Finally there is the problem of establishing effective rewards. To be successful, these must be tailored to the individual.  Like behaviour modification programmes, Token Economy is manipulative; Corrigan (1995) claimed that they are also abusive and humiliating. Withholding privileges and basic rights has been rules unethical by US courts (Emmelkamp, 1994).

Physics IA bouncing ball Essay Example

Physics IA bouncing ball Essay Example Physics IA bouncing ball Paper Physics IA bouncing ball Paper 1. Put the ruler perpendicular to the flat surface.  2. Place the ruler in the arm of the metal stand and secure it tight so that the ruler can stay still; it must be perpendicular to the surface and parallel to the stand.  3. Grab the rubber ball and place it with one hand besides the 10cm mark in the ruler.  4. With the other hand have the chronometer in 0 seconds and be ready because as you are going to release the ball you have to start the count in the chronometer.  5. Drop the ball and start the count in the chronometer simultaneously. 6. Wait until the ball to stop bouncing completely, this is, wait for the ball to start rolling so that you can see movement just in the horizontal way or x-axis and not in the vertical way or y-axis, and in that specific time, stop the count.  7. In your physics lab table write the resultant time t for the height h of 10cm.  8. Repeat steps 3-6 twice and write the multiple resultant times in your physics lab table in order to have three time samples. This is for avoiding random errors.  9. Continue the pattern of releasing the ball from each multiple of 10 until reaching 100cm, measuring three times from each multiple of 10cm. Write the results in your physics lab table. 10. Calculate the average of the three times you measure for each multiple of 10cm to 100cm by using this formula:  Taverage= (T1+T2+T3)/3  and write it in your physics lab table in an extra column.  For more accurate results:  -Do not move the experiment while taking your measurements. If you change the place of the experiment, the surface texture, evenness, or slope may change as well, making the results less accurate.  -Use the SAME ball throughout all the experiment; each ball has in general the same characteristics, except that they usually are not perfectly round and they have different sizes and masses. By using the same ball you are increasing accuracy in your measurements. Uncerntanties The uncertainty of the dependant variable, which is the time t, is 0.35 s. This has been measured by subtracting the smallest value to the greatest value of time in every measurement of the height, and then the result of that was divided by 2. It can be better explained with this equation:  After that, the greatest difference of all the results is going to be the one that is chosen to be the uncertainty of time in every measure of height. In this experiment the greatest difference was found in the value of height 80cm, which was 0.35 because. Therefore, 3.5 is going to be the uncertainty of time. All values of time have been rounded to 0.10cm.  The uncertainty of the independent variable, which is the height h, is 0.1cm. This has been settled without any formal guidelines; the factor that just the human eye is used for this experiment and no other more accurate mechanism, gives an uncertainty because the human being is not perfect when measuring something. In this case, the hand can shake at the point of the ruler, or just the perspective of the experimenter can create some error coefficient when measuring the height using a ruler. All values of height have been rounded to 0.1cm.  The following graph was made with Logger Pro Software. I included the uncertainty bars and the computer generated the best straight line and determined the gradient.  Now, the graph is repeated with maximum and minimum gradients based on the extremes of the first and last data point uncertainty bars. Conclusion and Evaluation In Figure 1.3, which is the first graph of our results, there seems to be a direct relationship between the increase of time and the increase of height in the experiment. The straight line that the computer generated shows an increase in both x and y axes which represent the height and the time, respectively.  I can conclude by saying that the experiment of releasing a ball at certain heights, that in this case they were from 10cm in multiples of 10 till reaching a meter, and measuring multiple times to get an average, that in this case was measuring 3 times per measure of height the time it took for the ball to stop bouncing completely and then making a average time, that the hypothesis of height being proportional to time was right and has been proved by analyzing the results and graphs. Time t and the height h were proportional to each other because in the result graph we find a straight line with a slope that proves that proportionality. This makes the experiment successful because the objective of proving the hypothesis was achieved.  After analyzing these factors, the answer to the question How does altering the height when releasing a bouncing rubber ball affect the time until its complete rest in the vertical sense or y-axis? is that as the height increases where the ball is released, it is going to take more time until its rest in the vertical sense, and in the other hand, as the height decreases, the ball is going to take less time to stop bouncing. Problems and Improvement Originally, the experiment was meant to measure the time until the ball reached complete rest (in both x and y axes) so that it could be easy to stop the chronometer and be more accurate. The problem was that the ball would roll on the floor, and as the floor is an even texture, the ball would stop completely taking a lot of time doing it, and sometimes the time it would take to stop in some cases would be very different to other cases because the ball rolls in different directions every time. Changing the experiment of measuring the time until the ball achieved complete rest to measuring time till the ball achieved complete rest in the vertical sense or the y-axis was the solution to overcome this problem. It created a minor problem though. The problem is that the eye cant really see when the ball stops bouncing completely because there are some bounces in the y-axis that cannot be seen by the human eye because they are really minor, making the stopping of the chronometer count a little subjective and decreasing the accuracy of the experiment.